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Best student loan rates in December 2024

Updated Dec 23, 2024

What to know first: A student loan is a type of funding designed to cover college costs such as tuition, fees, books, supplies and housing. In the United States, 42 million borrowers currently hold more than $1.7 trillion in student debt. Even though it’s a common form of debt, choosing the right loan for your needs is a big decision.

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STUDENT LOAN

College Ave: Best for graduate students

4.4
Fixed APR from
3.47- 17.99%
Loan term
5-15 yrs
Loan amount
$1,000-100% cost of attendance
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STUDENT LOAN

Sallie Mae: Best for part-time students

4.6
Fixed APR from
3.49- 15.49%
Loan term
10-15 yrs
Loan amount
$1,000-100% cost of attendance
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STUDENT LOAN

SoFi: Best for undergraduate students

4.7
Fixed APR from
3.54- 15.99%
Loan term
5-15 yrs
Loan amount
$1,000-100% cost of attendance
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STUDENT LOAN

ELFI: Best for customer service

4.2
Fixed APR from
3.69- 14.22%
Loan term
5-15 yrs
Loan amount
$1,000-100% cost of attendance
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STUDENT LOAN

Ascent: Best for outcomes-based no-cosigner loans

4.5
Fixed APR from
3.69- 15.28%
Loan term
5-15 yrs
Loan amount
$2,001-$400,000
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STUDENT LOAN

Earnest: Best for MBA students

4.5
Fixed APR from
3.47- 16.49%
Loan term
5-15 yrs
Loan amount
$1,000-100% cost of attendance
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STUDENT LOAN

Citizens Bank: Best for existing Citizens Bank customers

4.0
Fixed APR from
3.99- 15.61%
Loan term
5-15 yrs
Loan amount
$1,000-$225,000
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STUDENT LOAN

Custom Choice: Best for graduation rewards

4.1
Fixed APR from
4.24- 14.02%
Loan term
7-15 yrs
Loan amount
$1,000-$180,000
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STUDENT LOAN

INvestEd: Best for Indiana residents

Fixed APR from
4.80- 9.19%
Loan term
5-15 yrs
Loan amount
$1,001 - 100% total cost of attendance
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STUDENT LOAN

MEFA: Best for paying past-due tuition

Fixed APR from
5.75- 8.95%
Loan term
10-15 yrs
Loan amount
$1,500-100% cost of attendance
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Compare student loan rates from Bankrate’s top picks

When shopping for a student loan, look for a competitive interest rate, flexible repayment terms that meet your needs, generous hardship options and minimal fees. Lender details presented here are current as of December 12, 2024. Check the lenders’ websites for updates. 

LENDER VARIABLE APR FIXED APR LOAN TERM LOAN AMOUNT MIN. CREDIT SCORE
Ascent 5.50%-15.04% (with autopay) 3.69%-15.28% (with autopay) 5 - 15 years $2,001-$400,000 Not Specified
College Ave 4.99%-17.99% (with Autopay) 3.47%-17.99% (with Autopay) 5 - 15 years $1,000-100% total cost of attendance (maximum $150,000 for some degrees) Not Specified
Sallie Mae 4.92%-15.08% (with autopay) 3.49%-15.49% (with autopay) 10 - 15 years $1,000 to 100% cost of attendance Not Specified
ELFI 5.00%-14.22% 3.69%-14.22% 5 - 15 years $1,000-100% total cost of attendance 680
Citizens Bank 5.34%-15.96% (with autopay) 3.99%-15.61% (with autopay) 5 - 15 years $1,000-$150,000 for most degrees Not Specified
SoFi 5.54%-15.86% (with autopay) 3.54%-14.83% (with autopay) 5 - 15 years $1,000- 100% total cost of attendance 640
Earnest 4.99%-16.85% (with autopay) 3.47%-16.49% (with autopay) 5 - 15 years $1,000-$1,000 to 100% cost of attendance 650
Custom Choice 4.97%-14.52% 4.24%-14.02% 7 - 15 years $1,000-$180,000 Not Specified
INvestED 7.77%-12.46% (with autopay) 4.80%-9.19% (with autopay) 5 - 15 years $1,001- 100% total cost of attendance 670
MEFA N/A 5.75%-8.95% 10 - 15 years $1,500- 100% total cost of attendance 670
Federal Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans N/A 6.53%-8.08% Fixed 10 - 25 years $5,500 to $12,500 per year (up to $57,500 aggregate) None

For more information on private student loan rates, check out our page on private student loans.

*The minimum amount is $2,001 except for the state of Massachusetts. Minimum loan amount for borrowers with a Massachusetts permanent address is $6,001.

A closer look at our top student loan lenders

The top lenders listed below are selected based on factors such as APR, loan amounts, fees, credit requirements and broad availability.

Ascent: Best for outcomes-based no-cosigner loans

Ascent
Rating: 4.5 stars out of 5
4.5

Overview: Ascent offers undergraduate and graduate private student loans in all 50 states. Borrowers without a cosigner have their own loan option, which is a rarity in the private student loan space. If you don’t have a cosigner, you may be able to qualify for a loan based on your school, graduation date, major and cost of attendance.

Fixed APR
3.69%–15.28%
Loan amount
$2,001-$400,000
Loan term
5-15 yrs

College Ave: Bankrate 2024 awards winner for graduate students

College Ave
Rating: 4.4 stars out of 5
4.4

Overview: College Ave is an online lender that offers private student loans to undergraduate students, graduate students, parents and students attending community college and career programs.

Fixed APR
3.47%–17.99%
Loan amount
$1,000-100% cost of attendance
Loan term
5-15 yrs

Sallie Mae: Best for part-time students

Sallie Mae
Rating: 4.6 stars out of 5
4.6

Overview: Sallie Mae is one of the most recognized lenders on our list and serves borrowers at all stages of their academic experience. Most notably, borrowers who are only enrolled in part-time programs can secure funding.

Fixed APR
3.49%–15.49%
Loan amount
$1,000-100% cost of attendance
Loan term
10-15 yrs

Education Loan Finance: Best for customer service

Education Loan Finance
Rating: 4.2 stars out of 5
4.2

Overview: Education Loan Finance functions as a not-for-profit organization that is built on creating deep relationships with its borrowers. It awards scholarships the country and connects families with assistance when it comes to the complexities of student loans.

Fixed APR
3.69%–14.22%
Loan amount
$1,000-100% cost of attendance
Loan term
5-15 yrs

Citizens Bank: Best for existing Citizens Bank customers

Citizens
Rating: 4 stars out of 5
4

Overview: Citizens Bank offers private student loans to undergraduate students, graduate students and parents. Borrowers can get a 0.25 percent discount for signing up for automatic payment and existing Citzens Bank customers get a bonus 0.25 percent loyalty discount.

Fixed APR
3.99%–15.61%
Loan amount
$1,000-$225,000
Loan term
5-15 yrs

SoFi: 2024 Bankrate award winner for best for undergraduate students

SoFi
Rating: 4.7 stars out of 5
4.7

Overview: SoFi is an online lender that offers private student loans for undergraduate students, graduate students and parents. Among its perks, SoFi doesn’t charge any fees, which cuts down on the overall cost of borrowing.

Fixed APR
3.54%–15.99%
Loan amount
$1,000-100% cost of attendance
Loan term
5-15 yrs

Earnest: 2024 Bankrate award winner for best for MBA students

Earnest
Rating: 4.5 stars out of 5
4.5

Overview: Online lender Earnest funds private student loans to undergraduate and graduate students and offers unique repayment options. Earnest's grace period is nine months long, which is three months longer than what most lenders offer. Borrowers are also allowed to skip one payment every 12 months.

Fixed APR
3.47%–16.49%
Loan amount
$1,000-100% cost of attendance
Loan term
5-15 yrs

Custom Choice: Best for graduation rewards

Custom Choice
Rating: 4.1 stars out of 5
4.1

Overview: Custom Choice has been in business for over 30 years and serves students in all 50 states. It lends up to $99,999 per school year or $180,000 in total.

Fixed APR
4.24%–14.02%
Loan amount
$1,000-$180,000
Loan term
7-15 yrs

INvestEd: Best for Indiana residents

Invested

Overview: INvestEd is a student loan option tailored for students who reside or are attending school in Indiana. The lender is unusually engaged in bringing resources and information to students — it hosts FAFSA filing events and provides financial aid resources directly to school counselors in the state.

Fixed APR
4.80%–9.19%
Loan amount
$1,001 - 100% total cost of attendance
Loan term
5-15 yrs

MEFA: Best for paying past-due tuition

mefa

Overview: MEFA serves borrowers across the country with competitive rates and comprehensive support. It also allows borrowers to use funds to pay for summer sessions or repay past-due balances from other academic semesters.

Fixed APR
5.75%–8.95%
Loan amount
$1,500-100% cost of attendance
Loan term
10-15 yrs

Federal Student Loans: Best overall

Federal Student Loans
Rating: 4.6 stars out of 5
4.6

Overview: The federal government offers student loans with fixed rates to undergraduates, graduates and parents. Borrowers have access to income-driven payments, forgiveness programs and other perks you almost certainly won’t find with a private lender.

Fixed APR
6.53%–9.08%
Loan amount
$5,500- $12,500 per year (up to $57,500 in total)
Loan term
10-25 yrs

What are student loans and how do they work?

Student loans cover the cost of schooling if scholarships, grants and other financial aid are not enough. While other aid may be free money, student loans must be repaid with interest. You typically have between five and 20 years to repay student loans. Borrowers can choose federal or private student loans to help pay for school.

Student loans can cover school-related expenses, such as tuition, fees, supplies, housing and books. It’s usually best to start with federal student loans, which have an interest rate of 6.53 percent for undergraduate students for the 2024-25 school year. 

Private student loans have fewer borrower protections than federal student loans and have higher rates, typically ranging from around 4 percent to 18 percent. However, they can fill in any funding gaps and typically have a wider range of repayment terms. 

Private lenders set the interest rate you pay to borrow the funds. If your lender offers the option to prequalify, take advantage — it will let you calculate your student loan interest and principal payments to understand how much you will spend. You can also use it to compare lenders to see which option is the most affordable.

Types of student loans

Students have several options for student loan types depending on their degree program:

  • Federal undergraduate loans: U.S. citizens and eligible noncitizens can qualify for federal student loans, regardless of credit score or whether they have a cosigner. Undergraduates may have the option of Direct Unsubsidized Loans or Direct Subsidized Loans, the latter of which is offered only to students with financial need.
  • Federal graduate loans: Graduate students can qualify for federal Direct Unsubsidized Loans or Direct PLUS Loans. Unsubsidized loans are cheaper, but PLUS Loans have higher loan amounts.
  • Private undergraduate loans: Borrowers who have taken out the maximum in federal student loans may choose to look for private student loans. In many cases, these loans may also be the only viable option for international students looking to study in the U.S., since these students don't qualify for federal aid.
  • Private graduate loans: Many private lenders offer loans for graduate study, including loans tailored to students attending law school, business school, medical school and more.
  • Student loan refinancing: If you took out a student loan in the past but want to change your repayment term or interest rate, you may choose to refinance. Refinancing pays off your old loans in exchange for a new loan.

Federal vs. private student loans

Federal student loans are offered by the U.S. Department of Education, while banks, credit unions and private lenders offer private student loans. The biggest difference between federal and private loans is in the rates, eligibility requirements and repayment terms. 

Most private lenders base your rates and eligibility on your credit score, with a poor credit score leading to higher rates. Federal student loans, on the other hand, offer every borrower the same rate for each type of loan. While private loans can often finance up to the total cost of attendance, they don't offer as many ways to customize your repayment plan or opportunities for forgiveness like federal loans. 

FEDERAL STUDENT LOANS PRIVATE STUDENT LOANS
Interest rates 6.53%-9.08% for 2024-25 4.19%-17.99% fixed, 4.37%-17.99% variable
Fees 1.057% for for Direct Subsidized Loans and Direct Unsubsidized Loans; 4.228% for Direct PLUS Loans Varies by lender
Borrowing limits $31,000 total for dependent undergraduates, $57,500 total for independent undergraduates, 100% total cost of attendance for graduates 100% total cost of attendance with many lenders
Qualification requirements Must be a U.S. citizen or eligible noncitizen and be enrolled at least half time Varies by lender; often must have good credit and consistent income
Benefits Income-driven repayment plans, robust deferment and forbearance, no minimum credit score Low interest rates for good-credit borrowers, often zero fees, lender-specific perks
Drawbacks Potentially higher interest rates than private loans offer for borrowers with good credit, loan amount caps for undergraduate borrowers Credit check required, high rate caps, fewer borrower protections

What are current student loan interest rates?

Current interest rates on private student loans vary based on where the loan originates, the type of interest rate and the creditworthiness of the borrower. Federal student loans, aside from Perkins loans, disbursed after July 1, 2006 have fixed rates. The interest rates shown for these types of loans apply to those disbursed between July 1, 2024 and June 30, 2025.

LOAN TYPE FIXED APR
Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans (undergraduate borrowers) 6.53%
Direct Unsubsidized Loans (graduate and professional borrowers) 8.08%
Direct PLUS Loans (parents and graduate and professional borrowers) 9.08%

What are interest rates for federal student loans?

Federal student loan rates change each year. Your rate depends on when you took out your loan.

LOAN FIRST DISBURSED UNDERGRADUATE DIRECT SUBSIDIZED LOANS UNDERGRADUATE DIRECT UNSUBSIDIZED LOANS GRADUATE OR PROFESSIONAL DIRECT UNSUBSIDIZED LOANS DIRECT PLUS LOANS
July 1, 2024-June 30, 2025 6.53% 6.53% 8.08% 9.08%
July 1, 2023-June 30, 2024 5.50% 5.50% 7.05% 8.05%
July 1, 2022-June 30, 2023 4.99% 4.99% 6.54% 7.54%
July 1, 2021-June 30, 2022 3.73% 3.73% 5.28% 6.28%
July 1, 2020-June 30, 2021 2.75% 2.75% 4.30% 5.30%
July 1, 2019-June 30, 2020 4.53% 4.53% 6.08% 7.08%
July 1, 2018-June 30, 2019 5.05% 5.05% 6.60% 7.60%
July 1, 2017-June 30, 2018 4.45% 4.45% 6.00% 7.00%
July 1, 2016-June 30, 2017 3.76% 3.76% 5.31% 6.31%
July 1, 2015-June 30, 2016 4.29% 4.29% 5.84% 6.84%

How student loan interest works

When you apply for a student loan, you'll be offered an interest rate. This interest rate is an extra percentage of your loan amount that you'll have to pay each month.

With federal loans, this rate is the same for all borrowers and is determined by the federal government each year. With private loans, this rate is determined by your credit score, income and more. The most affordable private student loans go to students in good financial health with high credit scores.

Borrowers can usually choose between a fixed and a variable interest rate. Fixed interest rates remain the same over the life of the loan, while variable rates change based on market trends. Federal student loans are always fixed, while private student loans can be either fixed or variable.

How to apply for a student loan

It's best to apply for federal student loans before for private student loans, which can pay for anything that's left after scholarships and federal aid. To apply for federal student loans, you must fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). This is the only way to access federal aid, which is first-come, first-serve, so it's best to apply as soon as possible. The FAFSA typically opens October 1 each year, though it opened later in 2023 and 2024.

For the 2024-25 academic year, the FAFSA closes on June 30, 2025. The FAFSA for 2025-26 is open now until June 30, 2026. 

  1. Fill out the FAFSA: The Free Application for Federal Student Aid will tell you your options for federal student loans based on your need and maximum loan limits. If you need additional funding for your education, you can move on to private loans.
  2. Get prequalified with private lenders: Prequalifying with private lenders lets you see your interest rate and terms without a hard credit pull.
  3. Submit an application: Once you've chosen a lender, you'll send in a formal application online, over the phone or in person. You'll need to provide income verification documents, and you'll go through a hard credit check.
  4. Sign loan documents: After being approved by a lender, you'll sign your loan documents to finalize the transaction. Your student loan funds will be sent directly to your school.

What to know about the FAFSA

The FAFSA is the only way to get federal student loans, which is why all eligible students should fill out the form if they anticipate needing to borrow money for college.

  • When does the FAFSA open? The FAFSA typically opens on Oct. 1 every year. For the 2025-26 school year, the FAFSA opened on Nov. 21, 2024.
  • When is the FAFSA due? The federal deadline for the FAFSA is June 30 for the award year you need funding. For the 2024-25 school year, the FAFSA is due on June 30, 2025. For the 2025-26 school year, the deadline is June 30, 2026. However, some states and colleges have earlier deadlines.
  • Who is eligible to apply for the FAFSA? U.S. citizens, eligible noncitizens and DACA recipients can fill out the FAFSA.  However, only U.S. citizens and eligible noncitizens meet the FAFSA eligibility requirements to receive federal financial aid.
  • What happens if you make a mistake on your FAFSA? If you've experienced a serious financial event since submitting the FAFSA or your personal details have changed, you are able to update your FAFSA after the fact.

Ask the experts: Should you start paying off your student loans while in school?


Nationally recognized student financial aid expert

"There is a tradeoff. If you start paying off your student loans during the in-school and grace periods, you may reduce the loan balance at graduation and the interest that accrues before you enter repayment. However, the money you use to pay down your debt might have been available to pay for college costs, reducing the amount you need to borrow. You should not pay down subsidized loans while in school, since no interest accumulates on those loans until your loans enter repayment. There’s no difference between paying the loans during the in-school period and making a lump sum payment just before entering repayment. If you save the money in an interest-bearing account, you might earn a little interest during the in-school period. One benefit of paying the interest on unsubsidized loans during the in-school period is you can keep your loans from growing larger. Between the fees and capitalized interest, your loan balance might increase by as much as a fifth by the time you graduate."

Writer, Personal Loans and Debt Relief

"If you can, making payments on your student loans while enrolled can improve your credit and lower your interest accrual before graduating. However, when it comes down to it, whether you need to pay back your loans while enrolled depends on the type of loan you have. Both private and federal loans come with a grace period that lasts an average of six months after graduating or leaving the institution. Federal loans, regardless of the type, don't require payments while in school, but some private lenders require payments while in school. To avoid negative credit ramifications or increased interest accrual, read through your loan agreement before starting your semester to see if you're required to pay principal or interest payments before graduating."

Student loan news updates

Following the pandemic-related pause, federal student loans began accumulating interest again on Sept. 1, 2023 and payments resumed in October. 

  • Early in his presidency, Biden revealed a sweeping student loan forgiveness plan. This original student loan forgiveness plan was rejected by the Supreme Court, but the Biden administration continues to pursue forgiveness options.
  • Currently, the Biden administration's alternative plan, the Saving on a Valuable Education (SAVE) plan, is tied up in the courts. During ongoing litigation, those enrolled in the SAVE plan are on an extended payment pause.
  • Additionally, the administration has worked to reform and improve federal programs such as PSLF to provide overdue relief to borrowers, as well as forgive the loans of borrowers whose schools have shuttered. 
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How the Fed rate hikes impact student loans

In an attempt to cool inflation, the Federal Reserve raised rates 11 times from early 2022 to late 2023. The Federal Open Market committee kept rates steady until the September FOMC meeting, when they cut the benchmark borrowing rate by a half point. The Fed has since lowered it by an additional 0.25 percent during the November meeting.

While the Fed decisions won’t impact federal student loans for the 2024-25 school year — those are already set in stone — they could impact new private student loans and refinancing. They also might affect the rates on Federal student loans for the 2025-26 school year. 

The Fed rate has the biggest influence for borrowers with private student loans with a variable interest rate. If you have an existing private loan, now might be the time to refinance into a fixed rate. If you’re taking out a new private student loan, it may be wise to choose a fixed rate from the start.

FAQs about student loans

How we chose the best student loan providers 

Bankrate's trusted student loans industry expertise

48

years in business

25

lenders reviewed

16

loan features weighed

400

data points collected

The Bankrate team evaluated over two dozen lenders to select our top picks for the best student loans. To do this, Bankrate uses a 16-point system to evaluate student loan lenders. This scoring criteria measures how lenders perform across three main categories.

Editorial disclosure: All reviews are prepared by Bankrate.com staff. Opinions expressed therein are solely those of the reviewer and have not been reviewed or approved by any advertiser. The information, including rates and fees, presented in the review is accurate as of the date of the review. Check the data at the top of this page and the lender’s website for the most current information.